| Population name | Shelton |
| Genome | GRCh37 |
| Consortium | 23andMe COVID-19 team |
| Super population | EUR, AFR, AMR |
| Population description | COVID-19 positive individuals from the 23andMe study consisting of 80.3% EUR, 11.3% Latino and 2.7% African American. |
| Population origin | 93.2% United States, 2.4% United Kingdom and 4.4% various countries around the world |
| Case population size | 2083 |
| Control population size | 797180 |
| Comorbidities | COVID-19 positive test: Type 2 Diabetes- 5.2%, Fatty liver disease-4.8%, Obesity-37.1%, Hypertension-24.3%. COVID-19 positive test + hospitalisation: Type 2 Diabetes-13.3%, Fatty liver disease-9.7%, Obesity-52.6%, Hypertension-42.8%. |
| Mean / median age | 51 |
| Sex | 63% female, 37% male |
| Severity | Severe |
| Sample source | Nasopharyngeal swab |
| Method | Samples genotyped on either the Illumina HumanHap550 BeadChip, Illumina OmniExpress BeadChi or Illumina Global Screening Array each containing customised SNPs or array. GWAS analysis performed on each phenotype and population group. One susceptibility phenotype for COVID-19 positive vs negative participants and 4 severity phenotypes were analysed (pneumonia, hospitalisation, respiratory support with supplemental oxygen and or ventilation). |
| Bioinformatics | Case control analysis used logistic regression and P values computed using the likelihood ratio tests. GWAS was performed on each phenotype and population cohort seperately. Trans-ancestry meta-analysis performed with a fixed effects model (inverse variance method). |
| Imputation details | Haplotype Reference Consortium panel, augmented by the Phase 3 1000 Genomes Project panel for variants not present in the Haplotype Reference Consortium. |
| Limitations | Self-reported data from an existing groups which is not reflective of the general population Scarcity of testing could have obscured the true picture of SARS-CoV-2 infections, misclassification of true infections (bias) |