| Population name | Jelinek |
| Genome | GRCh37 |
| Consortium | Universities and hospitals in the UAE |
| Super population | SAS, EAS, AFR, EUR, |
| Population description | Patients with COVID-19 were recruited from multiple recruitment sites across the UAE. Only patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR were included. The participants were divided into two groups based on the severity of COVID-19, indicated as noncritical (n = 453) or critical (n = 193). Participants were defined as critical COVID-19 cases, if they are admitted to the ICU with the use of oxygen supplementation or mechanical ventilation. Region of origin of participants included Middle |
| Population origin | Abu Dhabi |
| Case population size | 193 |
| Control population size | 543 |
| Comorbidities | Comorbidities were defined as a Yes/No for previous medical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiac disease, lung disease, liver disease, kidney disease, metabolic disorder, and/or an autoimmune disease |
| Mean / median age | 1-85 |
| Sex | 138 female, 508 male |
| Severity | Critical |
| Sample source | Whole blood |
| Method | Genotyping was performed using the Infinium Global Screening Array (Illumina Incorporation, San Diego, California, USA) |
| Bioinformatics | QC on the data was performed using the PLINK software (version 1.07) to exclude SNPs with a low minor allele frequency (<0.01), low genotyping rate (<95%), and deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p < 10?4) significance level. A total of 240 SNPs in the ABO gene were extracted for the association of this study for candidate gene analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using PLINK software (version 1.9), R software (version 3.4), and SPSS software (version 16.0). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate OR and p-values of the association between blood type and COVID-19 severity phenotypes. Two candidate gene association tests were conducted that included unadjusted analysis and adjustment on the top ten eigenvectors for population stratification, age, and gender. Significance level adopted for all the analyses was p ? 0.05. |
| Imputation details | Genotype data phased and imputed using the Phase 3 1000 Genomes Projects panel |
| Limitations | a. Small sample size, b. Selection bias based on presentation to hospital and multiple collection sites, c. Substantial genetic admixture however population stratification was taken into account, d. GWAS array based on Caucasian population used |